The Synthetic Scaffold Reinventing Ankle Surgery

How Artelon Is Changing Soft Tissue Repair

A material that integrates with human tissue and dissolves over time is transforming how surgeons reconstruct damaged ankles.

Imagine an ankle so weakened by repeated sprains that even walking on uneven ground feels treacherous. For patients with severe chronic lateral ankle instability, this is a daily reality. Traditional surgical repairs can be effective, but what if surgeons could augment these repairs with a synthetic material that actively promotes healing and then safely dissolves once its job is done?

This is the promise of Artelon, a revolutionary biomaterial that is changing the landscape of soft tissue reconstruction in foot and ankle surgery. This article explores the science behind this innovation and examines the clinical evidence supporting its safety and effectiveness.

The Problem: When Ankle Ligaments Fail

The anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) is the most commonly injured ligament in the ankle. While most ankle sprains heal with conservative treatment, 10% to 20% of cases progress to chronic instability, characterized by a recurring feeling of the ankle "giving way" . This persistent instability can lead to pain, loss of function, and eventually, arthritis.

The modified Broström procedure—a repair of the damaged ligaments—is the gold standard surgical treatment. However, reoperation rates can be as high as 14% . Surgeons have long sought ways to reinforce these repairs, particularly for patients with poor tissue quality or complex injuries.

Chronic Instability

10-20%

of ankle sprains progress to chronic instability

What Is Artelon? The Science Behind the Scaffold

Artelon is a synthetic, biodegradable biomaterial composed of a unique co-polymer of polycaprolactone and polyurethane-urea 2 . This combination is engineered to mimic the mechanical properties of natural ligaments and tendons while promoting biological integration.

The material is woven into a textile matrix called FLEXBAND, which possesses three key characteristics that make it ideal for soft tissue augmentation:

Strength

The material has a tensile strength similar to native ankle ligaments, providing immediate mechanical support to surgical repairs 2 . Studies show that suture repair alone may restore less than 50% of a tissue's original strength, making augmentation particularly valuable 2 .

Elasticity

Unlike many rigid implants, FLEXBAND is designed to stretch and rebound throughout the ankle's natural range of motion, providing stability without constraining movement 2 6 .

Biological Integration

The matrix features precisely sized pores that allow the patient's own connective tissue cells (fibroblasts) to migrate into the material 2 . Over a period of 4 to 6 years, the synthetic material gradually degrades as the body replaces it with healthy new tissue 2 6 .

Key Characteristics of Artelon FLEXBAND

Property Description Clinical Benefit
Material Composition Polycaprolactone-based polyurethane urea (PUUR) Biocompatible with controllable degradation
Structure Woven textile with specific porosity Allows host cell infiltration and tissue integration
Mechanical Property Similar strength to natural ligaments Provides immediate mechanical support to repairs
Degradation Timeline 4-6 years Long-term support while promoting tissue regeneration

The Safety Profile: What the Evidence Says

Multiple clinical studies have investigated the safety of Artelon in foot and ankle applications, with consistently reassuring findings.

2020 Study (55 patients) 1
  • VAS pain scores dropped significantly from before surgery to 3 weeks post-operatively (5.6 to 3.2)
  • Pain levels continued to improve, stabilizing at 2.9 by final follow-up
  • No reports of osteolysis, adverse foreign body reactions, or graft failure
  • Two major complications occurred (one requiring a free flap for wound coverage, another requiring graft removal), alongside minor complications including cellulitis (3 patients) and delayed wound healing (5) 1
2024 Study (105 patients) 5
  • Only 12 complications total, with just 4 major complications
  • Only 1 patient required removal of the Artelon matrix
  • Researchers noted that patients with wound complications tended to have higher BMI and smoking history
  • Conclusion: Complication rates were low and comparable with historical rates for these procedures 5

Complication Rates from Safety Studies

Complication Type 2020 Study (55 patients) 1 2024 Study (105 patients) 5
Major Complications 2 (3.6%) 4 (3.8%)
Matrix Removal 1 (1.8%) 1 (1.0%)
Minor Complications 8 (14.5%) 8 (7.6%)
Foreign Body Reaction 0 Not reported

A Closer Look: The Broström Augmentation Study

A 2024 retrospective multicenter study provided particularly compelling evidence by directly comparing Broström procedures with and without Artelon augmentation .

Methodology

Researchers reviewed charts of 226 patients—83 who underwent Broström procedure alone (MB group) and 143 who received Broström with Artelon augmentation (PUUR group) . They analyzed:

  • Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores preoperatively and at 2, 6, and 12 weeks postoperatively
  • Rehabilitation milestones, including time to transition to unrestricted full weight bearing
  • Complication rates and adverse events
  • Long-term outcomes via patient surveys at minimum 1 year post-surgery

Results and Analysis

The findings revealed several advantages for the Artelon-augmented group:

  • Faster Pain Reduction: While preoperative pain levels were similar between groups, PUUR patients demonstrated significantly lower VAS scores at 2, 6, and 12-week follow-up visits
  • Quicker Rehabilitation: PUUR patients transitioned to unrestricted full weight bearing significantly faster (9.0 weeks vs. 11.4 weeks) than MB patients
  • Equivalent Safety: Procedure-specific adverse events were similar between groups (3.2% for MB vs. 4.2% for PUUR), indicating augmentation did not increase complication risk

The researchers noted that the Artelon group included significantly more complex cases, with nearly all patients requiring additional procedures beyond the ligament repair. Despite this increased complexity, the augmented group still demonstrated superior pain and recovery outcomes .

Comparative Outcomes - Broström vs. Broström with Artelon Augmentation

Outcome Measure Broström Alone (MB) Broström with Artelon (PUUR) Statistical Significance
Time to Full Weight Bearing (weeks) 11.4 ± 1.79 9.04 ± 0.34 P = .047
Preoperative VAS Pain Score 6.39 5.54 Not significant
Procedure-Specific Adverse Events 3.2% 4.2% Not significant
Patients Requiring Concomitant Procedures 80.1% 99.3% P < .0001

The Surgeon's Toolkit: Artelon Product Configurations

Artelon offers several product configurations tailored to different surgical needs 3 :

FLEXBAND Twist

The flagship system featuring twist-in anchor locking and a MOD cube for intraoperative adaptability

FLEXBAND Solo

A comprehensive procedure kit with tap-in fixation for single ligament augmentation

FLEXBAND Multi

Designed for multiple ligament augmentation procedures

FLEXBAND FIX

A streamlined kit for single ligament augmentation

The FLEXBAND matrix itself is available in multiple widths and lengths, with premium versions featuring integrated suturing to facilitate quick matrix passing and fixation during surgery 3 .

Beyond the Ankle: Other Applications

While this article has focused on foot and ankle applications, Artelon has shown promise in other orthopedic settings:

Knee Dislocations

A 2022 study found Artelon safe for collateral ligament augmentation in knee dislocations, with outcomes equivalent to primary repair 8

Revision ACL Reconstruction

Case reports describe successful use of Artelon as a bio-scaffold in revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction 7

Rotator Cuff Repairs

Research indicates bio-scaffold augmentation can promote improved cell adhesion and tendon-like characteristics in rotator cuff repairs 8

The Future of Artelon Research

While current evidence is promising, research continues. A prospective, blinded, randomized study is currently enrolling patients to further evaluate Artelon FLEXBAND for ATFL reconstruction in lateral ankle instability 4 . This higher-level study will provide additional evidence to guide clinical use.

As one research team concluded, "Additional studies must be done looking at long-term patient outcomes with utilization of Artelon, and direct comparative studies with other soft tissue reconstruction techniques and materials in the foot and ankle" 1 .

Conclusion: A Significant Step Forward

The evidence to date suggests that Artelon represents a significant advancement in soft tissue reconstruction. Its unique combination of immediate mechanical support, biological integration, and progressive degradation addresses fundamental limitations of traditional repair techniques.

Clinical Benefits
  • Reduces early postoperative pain
  • Accelerates rehabilitation milestones
  • Maintains a safety profile comparable to traditional techniques
  • Does not increase complication rates
Patient Outcomes

For patients suffering from chronic ankle instability, this technology offers the potential for:

  • Less painful recoveries
  • Quicker returns to normal function

As research continues and surgical experience grows, synthetic degradable matrices like Artelon may well become standard care for complex soft tissue reconstructions, helping patients regain not just stability, but also their quality of life.

References